Tourism

1. It is a tactic used by hotel managers to increase occupancy. Guests are required to stay for a certain number of nights. It increases the revenue as it makes sure the hotel is booked throughout even when there could have been fewer reservations.

2. The types of establishments in hotel industry are hotels, motels and restaurants. Motels are usually designed for motorist for instance Lorraine motel in Memphis,U.S.A.
A hotel on the other hand is a business that offers paid lodging on short term basis. Hilton hotel is a good example of a hotel and hard rock caf international in New York is an example of a restaurant. A restaurant is an establishment where food and drinks are normally served inside the premises.

3. Food in the ancient Roman Empire was cooked over open fires in pots and was done by Grecian slaves. Meat was roasted on spits whereas the cuisine was heavy and extremely spiced. It consisted of fish, meats, vegetables and fruits. Romans generally adopted culinary arts, food and cooking from the countries it conquered.

4. The two terms are a l arcate and table d hote. A l arcate is a French term referring to the act of choosing different food items from a menu and was preserve of the wealthy travelers at the time. Table d hote meaning table of host was for poor travelers and was ordinary food in the seventeenth century.

5. A station is a preparation sector with the suitable equipment for the appropriate menu and the number of meals to be served. It serves as a mini production division in the kitchen design. For efficiency a small kitchen will have a station for hot-food preparation and another for cold food preparation.

6. When a hotel has no concierge then the guest service representative is responsible of helping guests find their destinations although other staff at the front office may as well assist in directing the guests. The guest service representative is positioned at the rooms division, in the front office department.

7. The members of wait staff should be familiar with the item on the menu as they are the ones who feed the guests and thus are required to offer solutions to customers needs. They are in direct contact with the customers and thus they should be well trained on the menu and should be knowledgeable on all the front-of-the-house procedures. Besides they should be aware of guests special requests and talk to the supervisor for a solution.

8. When forecasting the manager should look at the activity at the same day of the same week in the preceding year and not at the same date of the preceding year. For example in forecasting the February 5 of this year which was on a Friday the manager should have looked at the activity of February 6, 2009.  This is because February 5, 2009 was a Thursday and the Friday of that week was February 6, 2009.

9. Of the four service traditions its the French one which gives the customer the most personal attention. The Russian service tradition on the other hand is the one mostly used in superior restaurants and hotels whereas the American service is the least elaborate and showy. The fourth is the British service tradition and it comes with similarity of a family style dining.

10.The target market of interstate hotels is usually the travelers in transit and those on  vacation and just need one or a few days stay. They may also attract relatives who have visited the town and looking for an inexpensive place to stay for a few days. It derives its names from the fact that these types of hotels are located on interstate highways.
                     
1.       Firstly, incase of in-person reservations one should personally take the customers to viewing of the rooms and other facilities and answer any queries that they may have. I would also ensure timely reservations while at the same time humbly and courteously apologize in case of any cancellations or no-show billings. One should also have a cordial relationship with travel agents to ensure inflow of guests. With arrival of the customer awaiting registration, one should be well acquainted with all the personal details and subsequent processes. One is expected to ensure the customers comfort and assure him of splendid service. The rest of the staff members are very important as they ensure guests have a nice stay. To guarantee guests have a pleasant stay one should motivate the staff and ensure guests are timely served with a smile and a friendly hello. After ensuring hisher pleasant stay, thankfully check the customer out while offering to make a reservation for himher next time. However any complaints by the guest should be addressed to ensure customer retention and ensure any discrepancies in payments are amicably settled. In future one should follow-up on the customer by way of offering special offers and sending mails. Thus a reliable a reliable database and an efficient one should be maintained to ensure business generation in future and security of guests information.  

2 There are key events that affected the hospitality industry in the twentieth century. In the first half of the century affordable automobiles were mass produced and airplane was invented by Wright brothers in 1903. This resulted in expansion of hospitality business as distance traveled became expanded. Moreover hotels for middle class became available but in 1920s the government outlawed consumption of alcohol in U.S.A leading to underground establishments being created. When great depression hit in 1929 many hotels were closed and affected service related businesses and aviation industry. Gambling lead to establishment of big hotels especially in Las Vegas.
       
With the end of war U.S.A. emerged as the most powerful nation and most prosperous leading to mushrooming of hotels and other service related businesses. In the second twentieth century there emerged credit cards which proved useful to hospitality industry. Hospitality businesses faced lawsuits because of discrimination against the blacks which ended in 1964 and with oil crisis in 1970s the hospitality industry had to observe energy saving policies.

3 The candidate should possess the following attributes. Firstly the candidate should be able to motivate and organize people besides planning menus and kitchen production considering the purchasing needs, equipment and the cost. Heshe should then be in possession of technical skills necessary in cooking various foods and be acquainted with all proper preparation techniques. Moreover the candidate should be a team player and thus should be able to work harmoniously with the rest of the staff members. Specifically though, the candidate should have the following professional attributes. Heshe should have been in an entry level position working his way up the ranks. Alternatively, the candidate should have graduated with a certificate in either a one or two year in cooking or in food production. Lastly the candidate could also have gained experience in cookery. The candidate with the above attributes would really make a good chef.

According to Hospitality Trends (2010) the fourth quarter of 2009 found 11 increase in touristic market in Turkey. For the past several years France, U.S.A, Germany, the UK, Russia and Italy have remained vital markets for Turkey. However it decided to further expand the concept among other nations while enlightening the image of the country. Moreover the 4 decrease was noticed among foreign tourist towards the hospitality sector of Turkey. The recent attempts have highlighted to increase its importance as well. It is also being predicted that lira will appreciate against Euro in near 2011 and this will constrain the scope of Germany and Russia and UK markets.  Last year Ritz-Carlton said that it will establish two more hotels in Bodrum and Istanbul while considering it as a lucrative market.

Turkey Tourism Campaign Analysis

Current situation of Turkey Tourism
According to UN (2009) the environment of Turkey is different from other countries. About 6 million Turkish live in Europe and 3 million in Germany and every year they come to Turkey to spend their holidays. More importantly foreign visitors are allowed to purchase houses in Turkey. In recent years security has further tightened to allow visitors to visit different cities fearlessly. The modern Turkey tourism comprises of well known resorts and cruise tours. About 0.2 million Spanish visited Turkey on tourism in 2007. In 2008 about 30.9 million foreign visitors toured Turkey. Today it is the 10th biggest revenue generator in tourism business worldwide.  
         
According to Tourism Turkey (2009) some of the key elements in advertising are as follows

Primary Objective To promote specific destination in Turkey
Marketing goals To expand turkey market share in international touristic market by increasing the number of visitors and gross profit by 10 and 12.

Communication goals The focus remains on events and festivals like Christmas, New Year, Easter, and holidays. The campaign portrays Turkey as an important place for international sports events.
Appeals The campaign focuses on SOL (slice of life).

Product specification The campaign highlights specific destinations like Istanbul, Ephesus, Black Sea Region, Anatolia and Antalya. The prominent sports like Golf, Surfing, Cave tours, Underwater sports, Trekking and Rafting are specifically highlighted.

Target Market It basically targets middle and higher education and income groups who consider product quality chief other than price factor. The age group comprises of young and middle age potential segments. Some of the important segments include (seasonal travelers with 40 plus age and annual income of 50, 000 or more, tour agents, families and travel agents).  

ATL (above-the-line) activity ATL activity basically comprises of television commercials, print media and radio channels.  Comprehensive Istanbul TV commercials and Turkey TV commercials are developed and Television, print and radio channels have remained the significant concern. VIP tourism (2010) acknowledged that the recent Turkish publicity is aired across 83 different countries. The key channels are as follows

In Russia TV key channels focused were (STS, ORT, ONT, Rossiya and Domashniy), magazines include (GEO, Afisha Mir, Liza Good and Turism Practic).

In Ukraine the campaign was launched at 9 TVCs and 12 print ads. In Moldova the campaign was launched at 5 TVCs and 4 print ads. In Poland it includes 15 TVCs and 15 magazines.

The campaign also focused on Middle East, North Africa, South Korea, China, Japan, India, Thailand, Indonesia, Singapore and Malaysia. Emirates Business (2010) instigated that Turkey opt for Dh 15 million investments for the advertising plan while focusing on U.A.E, Qatar, Kuwait and Bahrain. More importantly number of visitors from Saudi Arab, Morocco and Kuwait increased by 16.45.

BTL (below-the-line) Activity BTL activity basically focuses on one-to-one marketing where target specific segment or niche segment specifically comprising of POS (point-of-sale), exhibitions, events and many more. Different BTL activities are going to take place at shopping centers, sub ways, theatre, opera, art gallery and international buildings. The insight acknowledged that the management went for one-to-one edification along with 1.200 travel agents about the tour and the second largest exhibition with 26 exhibitors took place along with resorts, airlines and hotels.  

Positioning Turkey has positioned itself as a place for those who prefer experience for historical existence and glamour of European culture.

Creative, Media Planning and Media Buying Global Advertising Strategies and OYKU Agency were awarded the responsibility for creative, media planning and shopping in case of North America. According to YNetNews (2010) Turkey invested 2 million and Merhav Shaked, Inbar and PR Agency have been awarded the responsibility to convince Israeli citizens about the tourism to Turkey. The key emphasis is given to Istanbul which is honored as a cultural capital of Europe in the year 2010.

Future Strategy
The key focus should be given to competitive structure. The country needs to promote cultural heritage and further enhance the capability of natural resources. The creative must portray the delightful and fine-looking social environments in accordance with the visitors. Three crucial factors which can enhance Turkey credibility include quality service and facility and hospitality services while highlighting the importance of being cost efficient. Some of the key improvement factors are as follows

They need to promote local businesses and SMEs.
Instead of focusing mass tourism they must focus on niche markets.
E-tourism along with simulation must be practiced.
Transport facility must be given prominence.

Conclusion
It can be concluded that the recent tourism campaign by Turkey intrinsically focused on IMC (integrated marketing communication) plan. It was a 360 degree plan and it remained successful in communicating the key objectives of the advertising strategy.

The focus of this study is to examine the reason and motive of people who traveled internationally to take part in an Australian running event which was a hallmark and was held at Gold Coast in 2005. The event provides us with a chance to study the drive for a combination game and dynamic game types. The study used consumer acculturation framework (C.A.F) and structural equation modeling (S.E.M) analysis in investigating the specific aspects of cultural experience.
 
Several scholars have studied travel motivation by using various different approaches. Several motives could influence the participants in the marathon in inducing their travel. Subsequent studies though, have differed on the proposal and have adopted a more different framework for studying such motives namely push and pull. Despite these diverse proposals, the former framework in examining psychological, social and also the cultural educational motivation remains relevant in examining the taking part in an international marathon event working at the peripheries of a certain range. Together, the motivation and participation in a running event, combined with learning knowledge and not forgetting the culture experience can convincingly induce someone to travel and take part in a global running event. The dedication required attending the event is a true measure of liking a certain sporting activity. The study uses the large-scale approach in examining social together with psychological motives and how they relate with other main factors. (Zaichkowsky, 1985).

Several factors could be used in measuring the social and more so psychological aspect for the participation. The study limits itself to the outlook the participant may have of the host country. It also delves into cultural factor and the drive to participate. The following research questions were developed to help in guiding the investigation

a. how does social, psychological with cultural-education factors motivate someone to participate in an international event and in what degree                                                  
b. To what extent do the above factors differ by cultural background
c. Can a generic listing of cultural aspects be developed from consumer acculturation in measuring cultural experience
         
Data was collected from 239 respondents (47 female and 53 male), selected from international entrants in the Australian marathon. A third of the respondents were between forty and fifty years having also graduated from high school and with an earning of between five hundred and a thousand dollars. Australians were a third of the respondents interviewed. Besides, half of those interviewed participated in marathon, a third in the half marathon with the rest in ten kilometer run and seven and a half kilometer walk. The majority of those interviewed (two thirds of the sample) had never participated in that Australian marathon before. The study used paper questionnaires and online resource to collect data from the entrants.
                                                       
Results
There were respondents reported to frequently run for hobby (SD1.27, M5.21), those had taken part in previous global events (SD1.78, M5.14) and with the rest having traveled locally for running events. For international travel most of them did it for pleasure (SD1.78, M4.98) but others did it for attending running events (SD2.04, M3.44). Most of them had purposely visited Gold Coast for participating in marathon event only (SD2.03, M5.83) with three-fifth having previously visited Gold Coast and three quarter having previously visited Australia. They also wanted to extend their visit with a third in Australia for two to seven days and two-fifth in Gold Coast for two to four days.      
                                 
Discussion and implications
 Indeed in studying the traveling pattern the tourism has to consider the psychological and social reasons. The study shows the benefits of adopting an approach that integrates travel motives to examine participation in a sporting event (Gibson, 1998a,). The analysis confirms Cromptons theory. In the first research question the S.E.M analysis confirmed that level of attachment when running, the incentive and the feelings towards the venue of the hosting the event, are extrapolative of psychological and social aspects.

The destination image does represent beliefs based on information someone has leading to feelings about that destination ( Baloglu  McCleary, 1999). In the second question, results showed that psychological and social reasons did not vary with cultural conditions and indeed tourism structure does present an idea of the cultural understanding ( Penaloza, 1994). The following discussion questions would be of practical essence in arousing more interest in this research findings.

How practical are the above findings on divergent cultural tactic as a promotional method in organizing future international events

To what extent do you think the involvement factor could contribute in influencing the turn out of an event and how can it be enhanced to encourage participation    

iii)        What areas should event organizers in sport tourism explore in image    improvement of a destination
Limitations and directions for further research

The whole population of entrants was not accessed as some entrants were registered through secondary agents thus potentially reducing the sample size. Secondly, 3 days before the event the Coastal region was declared a national catastrophe negatively impacting on sample size. Ideally the result of the research could be simulated in a future running affair taking place at a scene on a coast and a running event in a different venue. Moreover, it may further help in demonstrating the influence the venue in a sporting episode plays. The research encourages use of C.L.I in evaluating various cultural aspects in future global affairs and in future the studies should espouse such (C.A.F) structures. Finally the disparity and the degree the tourism businesses offer learning and experience aspects as compared to the degree to which the tourists like not only to experience these aspects but also to learn about them should be of essence in future researching.      

Ecological tourism is about sustainable travel whose main objectives include building of environmental and cultural awareness appreciation and respect for both visitors and the host community. Australia celebrates diversity of its people, animals, plants and culture. The diversity of the Australian people, culture, animals and plants creates room for a unique ecotourism experiences for the visitors and the local community.

Australia is endowed with amazing world heritage sites and other indigenous ecotourism sites such as Kakadu National Park and Ayers Rock ecotourism. Kakadu national Park is situated in the northern territory of Australia. It has unique and complex ecosystem which include tidal flats, plateaus, and lowlands. It is an habitat of diverse species of plants and animals. Traditionally, the land where the park is located is owned by the Aboriginal clans, the Bininj and Mungguy people. Ayer rock ecotourism is another world heritage site in Australia. Uluru is the largest solid monolith in the world. It is a religious site sacred to the Anangu, their traditional owners who view it as their Tjukurpa (dreaming, dreamtime, the creation). Uluru is part of Uluru-Kata Tjuta national park which was declared as the heritage area due to its geological and cultural significance.

An Executive Information System (EIS) is a set of management tools supporting the information and decision-making needs of management by combining information available within the organization with external information in an analytical framework. The information collected using EIS includes purchase order backlog, shipments and receipts and pending orders.

Decision Support Systems (DSS) are a specific class of computerized information system that supports business and organizational decision-making activities. The information collected using DIS includes accessing ones current information asset such as legacy and relational data sources, comparative sales figures between one week and another and projected revenue figure based on new product sales assumptions.

Strategic Planning
The information collected using EIS and DIS provides hotel managers with information regarding the sales made in one particular period such as particular season that is to say the number of customers visiting in a particular season. This helps the managers to forecast the number of people coming in that season for further years to come. Hence, using this data they can manage their employee type and density and at the same time assume the amount of inventory needed in that season for a particular time period. This ensures a well managed supply chain with fewer flaws. This helps the managers to understand the market dynamics, now they can plan accordingly for the whole year in advance which saves time and if the plan is properly implemented than there are fewer chances of getting a difference between forecasted and actual budgeting which includes sales and revenues.

Competitive Advantage
The information collected can be used to understand the customer insights and psyche, which helps the managers to give the customer what he or she wants through their past record. The customer feels that they are being treated special and some degree of priority is being given to them. This ensures a greater customer satisfaction and hence increases customer loyalty towards the organization. The information gives the organization a competitive advantage over others as now they now what their customer needs and wants are how they can fulfill it in the best possible manner than their competitors do. It is known by all organizations that the best way to lead any market is to increase customer loyalty and that can only happen if you do the right things at the right time for customer satisfaction. For example if an organization or a company keeps a past record of all their frequent customers through EIS and DSS, then the organization can keep a competitive edge by providing service that the customers want before they speak out. This not only keeps the customer satisfied by providing services beyond their expectation but also spreads good word about the organization by the satisfied customers.

Financial Advantage
As mentioned earlier that using these two systems, the organization is well aware of the trends. This helps them in managing their supply chain and avoiding any sort of financial mismatch due high or low inventory turnover. A well forecasted budget is generated using the information collected using EIS and DSS, which results in greater efficiency and work performance.

Complete Picture
The information in the end helps the managers evaluate and analyze the performance of the hotel which in turn gives a complete picture where the hotel stand compared to past and compared to their competitors.

Outback Steakhouse is a casual dining chain of restaurants that operates internationally in more than 900 locations across 21 countries within North America, South America, Asia, Europe and Australia. Founded and based in Tampa, Florida, Outback Steakhouse had gained popularity all over the world for its USDA Choice and Premium steaks along with many other sumptuous treats on their menu. This paper will study the various aspects and qualities of this restaurant chain that contributed to its worldwide popularity and unwavering success.

Just like many other casual dining restaurants all around world, Outback Steakhouse offers a wonderful and wholesome dining experience ideal for families and groups of people like friends and co-workers. Full table service is also being offered to guests. Their ambience is Australian-inspired with a wholesome and casual atmosphere. This restaurant chain highlights consistent high quality service to all its guests which is the companys strategy in order to set it apart from other restaurants with a similar concept. Moreover, it also emphasizes on its friendly service that provides a lasting impression to all its guests. Excellent service coupled with a warm, suitable ambience is something that is being offered by Outback Steakhouse. While it is apparent that this factor contributed to its overwhelming success, it is not the only reason why it conquered the other parts of the world besides the U.S. And besides, many other casual dining restaurants would probably claim the same level of service to its guests. From this perspective, anyone can conclude that there must be something more beyond service excellence that positioned Outback Restaurant to such particular level of success in the restaurant chain industry.

People go to restaurants primarily to satisfy their hunger and need for food while others consider it as the best venue to celebrate special occasions with their family and friends, conduct an informal gathering with colleagues, have a casual date, meet new acquaintances and conduct corporate events like business meetings among many others. Outback Steakhouse offers an ideal venue for all these occasions and events. The place itself is versatile and caters to all people from all walks of life across all ages. These aspects make it a very accessible place to dine for everyone whatever the purpose or occasion  whether to simply have a meal or to celebrate an event. Accessibility is one factor that a restaurant must have in order to attract more people apart from what it offers in its menu.

Outback Restaurant, being a family-oriented and wholesome place to dine, also offers superior cleanliness. It is apparent that every store or branch pays enough attention to its sanitation and cleanliness. The store facilities and the entire area are well-kept and well-maintained to ensure their guests satisfaction and comfort.

Now, let us examine the best part  what is in their menu and what is the price range
People naturally want to go for something that is reasonably-priced and guarantees value for their money. Secondly, they prefer a restaurant that has a lot to offer in their menu with delightful specialties that serve as all-time favourites. Thirdly, since consumers have different preferences when it comes to food, a wide variety of choices (vegetarian, seafood, high protein etc.) should be available. Outback Steakhouse can offer all of these. The huge amount of success it has earned over the years can be attributed to its delicious and mouth-watering offerings ranging from juicy steaks, freshly cooked vegetables, tempting sea foods like prawns and succulent Snow Crab, dressed baked potatoes flame grilled chicken, fall-off-the-bone baby back ribs, a variety of shrimp dishes and their famous Aussie fries and coleslaw among many others. Clear enough, what is on Outback Steakhouses menu is a major contributory factor to its success. Adding up to this is their wide selection of beverages and cocktails and topping off a satisfying meal are the mouth-watering desserts which include key lime pie. Outback Steakhouse created a name for itself because it offers delicious food that caters to all taste buds. On top of that, this restaurant also provides reasonable amount of servings. Prices are moderate to high end but are perfectly at par with the quality of the food and service. Customers will not feel deprived at all nor will they feel that they did not get value for their money.

Outback Steakhouse also holds special promotions for special occasions that further attract consumers. The company highlights occasions such as Mothers Day, Fathers Day, Thanksgiving and other occasions with special productsmenus specifically for these events. Rewards programs are also implemented to gain customer loyalty and to get the attention of new ones. Outback Steakhouse gives importance to its target market and continues to reach out by initiating special menus such as Spanish menu and Gluten-free menu. Another key to its success is that it continues to create innovations in the form of new products. Furthermore, it acknowledges the special needs of certain consumers who follow a specific diet. In this manner, Outback Steakhouse broadens its target market as its productmenu line grows.

Multi-media advertisements also play a great role in generating promotions and building awareness among its target consumers. Outback Steakhouse has billboards, magazine print ads and official website and to date, the presence of social networking sites gave rise to a new level of online marketing through fan pages. There are also TV ads and radio ads but they are not strongly implemented.

Finally, the strongest selling point of Outback Steakhouse is the name itself. It had created strong identifying characteristics that represent everything it has to offer  food, service, ambience and dining experience. Its name also speaks out the brand image that it managed to build over the years across different locations.
Outback Steakhouses positioning in the casual dining segment of the restaurant industry along with its over-all concept, menu and product line, accessibility to a wide range of customers, multimedia advertisements and marketing strategy had all contributed to its success. With proper treatment of all of these aspects, it is expected that Outback Steakhouse will continue to become more competitive in its playing field in the years to come.

The recent news article published online by the Chicago Breaking News Center indicates that The International Home and Warehouse Show had been already in talks with other States for their relocation prospects. No straightforward reason was stated in the news except that it hints that the cost of having to operate tradeshows maybe the factor to blame (Bergen n.p.). Still, it is possible that the role played by the Unions, or Labor Union organizing, may be partly to blame for the tradeshows decision to explore other sites for operation. The reason why Labor Unions can cause companies serious problems is diverse. But this could be primarily because the cost of operating a tradeshow is dependent on certain demands that are being made by employees or workers, especially when they become a significant force thru Labor Unions.

The case of The International Home and Warehouse Show is just one example of the growing impact of Labor Unions in the hospitality industry. According to UNITEHERE  a Labor Union for Hospitality Workers, and a major force in the organization of laborers of the Hospitality Industry  the hotel industry remains fundamentally profitable despite the recent economic slowdown. And the fact that these businesses are moving to systematically reduce their workforce makes a case for Labor Unions to get their act together against some hotel industries (UNITEHERE 2). Here, it would be good to assess the pros and cons of Labor Unions, when applied particularly to the case of hospitality industry.

The first advantage of joining Labor Union lies in its ability to protect workers. Mary Tanke (386) believes that historically, the United States has had a low union membership from among hospitality industry workers. But this does not mean that it remained low until recently. According to statistics, there has been a very high increase in the number of hospitality workers that opted to join a Labor Union. The reason for this lies in its very good benefits.  Tanke writes

For many of our employeesunions can provide job security, increases in compensation, extension in benefit offerings, protection from arbitrary management decisions, reasonable workloads, and a process to grieve what they perceive are unjust practices (Tanke 388).

Secondly, many workers in the hospitality industry join Labor Unions since they are more likely to be victims of labor malpractice in their field of work. Unlike corporations that employ persons with high academic degrees, the hospitality industry does not generally require the caliber of those in the business or management fields. Most of the workers of the hospitality industry are manual laborers  e.g., they fix beds, they clean room, they maintain lobbies, they serve food, they log reservations, among others. These jobs do not require high degrees or long professional training. That is why these workers are more susceptible to injustice.  UniteHere writes, for instance, that hotels hotels have added more amenities and heavier linens to the rooms  increasing the workload, even as the number of workers doing it has fallen (UNITEHERE p.2). Indeed, having a Labor Union to check these abuses can help workers perform their jobs in a just working environment.

However, there are disadvantages in having to deal with Labor Unions. One disadvantage lies in how companies can suffer financially  or even shut down  when they are unable to meet the demands of the organized workers.  When Labor Unions become too strong, they can demand so many things from the company i.e., pay increase, reinstatement of removed workers, working hours, workloads. And sometimes, these demands can be too much for the companies to handle, and they either have to suffer massive deficit or completely shut down.

Secondly, there is also a disadvantage to the very employees themselves. According to Tanke, some Labor Unions are demanding complete membership from employees before they can obtain the job of their interest (Tanke 388). This means that, in order for someone to obtain the job that he or she wants, that someone has to join the Labor Union first before being hired. This is especially true for many hospitality industry workers. Labor Union memberships have become compulsory in obtaining a job in the hospitality industry. Accordingly, these workers have to pay certain dues to the Labor Union before they can acquire full membership. In principle therefore, they have to shell out some amount first before being hired.

To sum, it would be good to acknowledge that there are both good and not-so-good factors that must be considered before joining a Labor Union. On the one hand, Labor Unions can work for workers protection. They can provide security of tenure for workers, inasmuch as they can negotiate salary increases and bonuses. On the other hand, it can be taxing to the overall health of the company as well.

Which is why, if I were to be offered a job in the hotel or restaurant outfit, I would first study the benefits of joining a Labor Union. I would study the conditions thoroughly. If I would see that, in paying for the corresponding amount to join the Labor Union, I would be compensated greatly by its service, then I might get the job being offered. But if, in studying the matter closely, I see that the company and the Labor Union have had serious disputes in the past, I would, most likely, turn down the job. This is especially true if I would discover that such disputes may have affected the conditions of both the company and the workers in a bad way.